Cryptographer, computer scientist, and legal scholar who coined the term "smart contracts" in 1994 and designed Bit Gold in 1998, a direct precursor to Bitcoin's architecture.
Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin who published the whitepaper in 2008 and launched the network in 2009.
Pioneering cryptographer and cypherpunk who received the first-ever Bitcoin transaction from Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009. Early developer of PGP and RPOW.
Cryptographer, cypherpunk, and creator of b-money (1998), one of the earliest proposals for a decentralized digital currency and the first reference cited in the Bitcoin whitepaper. Also created the Crypto++ cryptographic library.
Nick Szabo's 1998 proposal for a decentralized digital currency using proof-of-work and cryptographic chains, widely regarded as the most direct precursor to Bitcoin.
Nathaniel Popper's narrative history of Bitcoin, tracing the cryptocurrency from its cypherpunk origins through its first major boom, told through the stories of the key figures who built it.
Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin who published the whitepaper in 2008 and launched the network in 2009.
Cryptographer, cypherpunk, and creator of b-money (1998), one of the earliest proposals for a decentralized digital currency and the first reference cited in the Bitcoin whitepaper. Also created the Crypto++ cryptographic library.
Cryptographer and inventor of blind signatures and digital cash (DigiCash/eCash), whose work in the 1980s and 1990s laid the intellectual foundation for Bitcoin and the cypherpunk movement.
Mathematician, co-founder of the cypherpunks mailing list, and author of "A Cypherpunk's Manifesto" (1993). A foundational figure in the privacy and cryptography movement that laid the intellectual groundwork for Bitcoin.
The foundational nine-page paper by Satoshi Nakamoto that introduced Bitcoin as a peer-to-peer electronic cash system.
Nathaniel Popper's narrative history of Bitcoin, tracing the cryptocurrency from its cypherpunk origins through its first major boom, told through the stories of the key figures who built it.
Nick Szabo's 1998 proposal for a decentralized digital currency using proof-of-work and cryptographic chains, widely regarded as the most direct precursor to Bitcoin.